Orders, Decorations, Medals and Militaria

1914-15 Star (271284, W. H. C. Critchley, E.R.A.3., R.N.); Victory Medal 1914-19 (2) (305945 E. Coombes. Sto. 1. R.N.; J.12788 F. A. Vyvyan. A.B. R.N.) last officially re-impressed, nearly very fine (3) £70-£90

H.M.S. Amphion
At the start of the Great War, H.M.S. Amphion was leader of the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla in the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, assigned to the Harwich Force, defending the eastern approaches to the English Channel, under the command of Captain Cecil H. Fox. In the morning of 5 August, Amphion and the 3rd Flotilla sortied into the North Sea to patrol the area between Harwich and the Dutch island of Terschelling for German activity. At 10:15 a ship in the black, buff, and yellow colours of the Great Eastern Railway’s steamers that plied between Harwich and the Hook of Holland was spotted. Fox sent the destroyers H.M.S. Lance and H.M.S. Landrail to investigate and shortly afterwards another destroyer reported that a trawler had seen a suspicious ship, ‘throwing things overboard, presumably mines’ H.M.S. Amphion led the flotilla to investigate and observed that the fleeing ship was deploying mines even then. At 10:45, Lance opened fire at a range of 4,400 yards.

The target was S.M.S. Königin Luise, a former Hamburg-Heligoland excursion boat that had been converted to an auxiliary minelayer by the Germans. They had planned to mount a pair of 8.8-centimetre (3.5 in) guns on board, but they did not have the time to do so; her only armament was a pair of lighter guns and 180 mines. On the night of 4 August, she had departed Emden and headed into the North Sea to lay mines off the Thames Estuary, which she began to do at dawn.

The fire from the destroyers was ineffective until Amphion closed to a range of 7,000 yards and began hitting the German ship at about 11:15. By noon, Königin Luise was sinking and the three British ships rescued 5 officers and 70 ratings. The flotilla proceeded onwards with their patrol until they reached the Dutch coast around 21:00 and turned for home. Fox was uncertain as to the locations of the mines laid by Königin Luise and laid a course that was seven nautical miles west of where he thought the mines were. He guessed wrongly and led his flotilla over the danger area.

At 06:35, Amphion struck a mine that detonated underneath her bridge. The explosion set her forecastle on fire and broke the ship’s keel. The destroyer H.M.S. Linnet attempted to tow the cruiser, but a deep crack across her upper deck showed that she was hogging badly and Fox ordered his crew to abandon ship. Shortly afterwards, her forward magazine exploded, throwing one 4-inch gun into the air that narrowly missed Linnet. One of Amphion’s shells burst on the deck of the destroyer Lark, killing two of her men and the only German prisoner rescued from the cruiser. Amphion then rapidly sank within 15 minutes of the explosion losing 1 officer and 131 ratings killed in the sinking, plus an unknown number of the crew rescued from Königin Luise. She was the first ship of the Royal Navy to be sunk in the Great War.

William Henry Charles Critchley was born in Devonport on 13 March 1888 and joined the Royal Navy as a Boy Second Class on 4 January 1904. Advanced Engine Room Artificer 3rd Class on 1 January 1912, he joined H.M.S. Amphion on 2 April 1913, when the ship was first commissioned, and served in her from the outset of the Great War. He survived Amphion’s sinking, and saw later Great War service in H.M.S. Faulknor at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May 1916. Advanced Chief Engine Room Artificer on 1 March 1919, he was awarded his Long Service and Good Conduct Medal on 22 January 1922, and was discharged to pension on 12 March 1928. Mobilised from 28 September to 3 October 1939, he was recalled for service during the Second World War on 23 August 1939, and served in the U.K. until his release on 16 August 1945. He died in Plymouth, aged 63, on 1 November 1951.

Edwin Coombes was born in Torquay, Devon, on 28 January 1885 and joined the Royal Navy on 8 February 1904. Advanced Stoker First Class on 1 July 1906, he joined H.M.S. Amphion on 2 April 1913, when the ship was first commissioned, and served in her from the outset of the Great War. He was killed when Amphion struck a mine and sunk on 6 August 1914, and he is commemorated on the Plymouth Naval Memorial.

Francis Alfred Vyvyan was born in Plymouth, Devon, on 19 August 1894 and joined the Royal Navy as a Boy Second Class on 19 July 1911. He joined H.M.S. Amphion on 2 April 1913, when the ship first commissioned, and was advanced Able Seaman on 21 February 1914. He served in Amphion from the outset of the Great War and was killed when she struck a mine and sunk on 6 August 1914. He is commemorated on the Plymouth Naval Memorial.