Orders, Decorations, Medals and Militaria

Hartley Colliery Medal 1862, a later bronze striking, the obverse featuring an angel looking on as two miners dig to uncover their comrades from the rubble, the reverse inscribed ‘Presented to those who risked their own lives in attempting to save the lives of their fellow workmen buried in Hartley Colliery, January 1862’, the edge stamped ‘261’, die flaw to obverse, edge bruising, good very fine £100-140

On 10 January 1862 disaster struck at the New Hartley Colliery in Northumberland, leaving in its wake a death toll of some 204 miners. A cage carrying eight people proved too much weight for the massive pumping engine beam which, although weighing over 40 tons, gave way and tumbled down the shaft, carrying with it a mass of machinery and debris. Much of it came to rest a little over 400 feet from the surface on the immense oak beams which held the centre set of pumps in the shaft.

The unwalled sides of the shaft collapsed, piling tons of rock and rubble on top of the initial fall, sealing the shaft. It took six days of dangerous and strenuous work by the rescuers to reach the men trapped by the fall, but all were found to be dead. One of the dead, by the name of James Armour, kept notes of the ordeal in a book whilst trapped underground. These notes were referred to in the official enquiry into the case ‘It appears to be certain from the date of the entry in the book found on the person of the overman, Armour, that all had died not later than the afternoon of the day following the accident, having fallen victims of the noxious gasses generated in the pit.’

The 204 bodies were recovered from the pit on Saturday, 25 January, and they were all buried the following day- a crowd over 60,000 strong gathered for the funeral. The oldest victim was 71 years of age, and the youngest just 10. A monument to their memory stands in Earsdon Churchyard.

Subsequent to the disaster there were many expressions of opinion in favour of some reward being made to the sinkers and others, who had so nobly risked their lives in their ill-fated attempts to rescue the entombed miners. In accordance with this widely expressed desire a special fund was instituted under the direction of a Committee with Mr T. G. Hurst as its secretary. At the outset it was determined that the testimonial should assume the form of a medal, and ultimately, Mr Wyon, of the Mint, whose designs had been approved by the committee, was engaged to execute the dies and strike the medals. A total of 1 gold and thirty seven silver medals were awarded; subsequently, the dies were used to strike a number of bronze medals.